Circular RNA as a diagnostic biomarker for active tuberculosis: systematic review

Nabilla Sonia Sahara, Bayu Aulia Riensya, Fajri Marindra Siregar

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as promising candidates in various diagnostic applications due to their stability and specificity. Their potential role in diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) warrants systematic evaluation. This systematic review aims to assess the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for APTB. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were screened based on relevance and quality, including ten studies for final analysis. The reviewed studies indicate that specific circRNAs are differentially expressed in APTB patients compared to healthy controls. These circRNAs were found to be dysregulated in APTB patients and might correlate with disease severity. The diagnostic accuracy was high, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.773 to 0.974. These findings collectively suggest that circRNAs have the potential to serve as reliable diagnostic markers for tuberculosis. Their high diagnostic accuracy highlights their promise in improving early detection and patient management of APTB. Further studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore their practical applications in clinical settings.

Keywords

biomarker; circRNA; molecular diagnostic techniques; tuberculosis

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26891/JIK.v19i2.2025.118-125

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