Efek Suplemen Vitamin D untuk Pencegahan COVID-19

Ghina Yulia, Wani Devita Gunardi

Abstract

Vitamin D in the form of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25D) has the function of modulating antigen presentation as well as T cell proliferation and phenotype, with the overall effect of suppressing inflammation and enhancing immune tolerance. Interventional and observational epidemiological studies provide evidence that vitamin D deficiency can increase the risk of respiratory infections such as COVID-19. COVID-19 is an infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus that attacks the respiratory system, resulting in severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) symptoms that can cause death. Vitamin D can naturally be obtained from food or by sunbathing, but in an infected condition, a person needs additional vitamin D from supplements. Therefore, this Literature Review was compiled with the aim of knowing the effect of vitamin D supplements in preventing COVID-19 and knowing the effect of vitamin D supplements in reducing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. The method used is an electronic database using NCBI and PubMed. The author uses the keywords supplement d3, COVID-19, prevention. The criteria for selecting journals are based on the publication year above January 1, 2020, experimental research design, there is a comparison of vitamin D administration with controls or placebo in COVID-19 patients, and the study has been completed. Based on the established criteria, 10 journals were obtained as the main reference. The results of the literature review show that vitamin D has an important role in the body's immunity and is useful for increasing serum vitamin D levels so as to prevent and accelerate the healing of COVID-19. The dose of vitamin D for the prevention of COVID-19 in the elderly is 50,000 IU/month while the therapeutic dose for reducing mild to moderate symptoms is 10,000 IU/day for a week and continued with 5000 IU/day until recovery. However, if the patient has severe symptoms, comorbid disease and vitamin D deficiency, administer 40,000 IU/day.

Keywords

COVID-19, imunitas, SARS-CoV-2, Vitamin D

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26891/JIK.v16i2.2022.59-70

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